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Cervical cancer is a malignant cancer tissue that attack cervix (organ connecting the uterus and vagina). There are some types of this cancer. The most common types, the SCC (squalors cell carcinoma), a major cause of cervical cancer with the percentage of 80-85 percent. HPV infection is a “trigger” major in the development of this cancer.

Other types of this cancer, like adenokarsinoma, small cell carcinoma, adenosquamos, adenosarcoma, melanoma, and lymphoma, a type of cervical cancer is rarer and generally not associated with HPV. Various types of cervical cancer this last can not be prevented, such as SCC.

Signs and Symptoms

Early stage cervical cancer are asymptomatic.

Advanced cervical cancer showed symptoms of vaginal bleeding, back pain, urinary symptoms such as dyisuria (painful or difficult urination) and cloudy urine, and digestive disorders such as chronic constipation and tenemus (still feel a lump, although it has a bowel movement).

In addition, pain-is when sexual intercourse and vaginal discharge is also a symptom of advanced cervical cancer. Less common symptoms include loss of appetite, weight loss, fatigue, leg pain, leg swelling, and leaking urine or feces from the vagina.

Carcinoma in Situ (CIS or CIN)

Pap smear can identify carcinoma in situ (CIN) in cervical, and treatment can prevent cancer development. CIN is a cluster of pre-malignant cells is still the “in situ” or “in place” and did not move from its initial position and not spread to other parts of the body. Thankfully, in Singapore and other developed countries, the use of cervical scanning program has reduced the number of invasive cervical cancer sufferers.

Women are encouraged to perform a Pap smear once a year since their first sexual intercourse and continued until they were aged about 70 years. If two to three years Pap smear results are normal results, women may decide to reduce the frequency to two to three years. However, high-risk women (see below) are encouraged to continue it every year.

Not all women with HPV infection to patients with CIN, and not all women with CIN to cervical cancer sufferers. Many HPV infections disappear quickly countered by the immune system, just like any other infection.

However, certain types of HPV in the cervix tend to settle for a few years, genetic change cells making the cervix, and causes dysplasia (abnormal cell growth). If not treated immediately, severe dysplasia can and usually will develop into invasive cervical cancer.

CIN usually do not show any symptoms. This is a good time to scan the treatment of cancer because it was nearly always result in complete recovery.

People at Risk

All women who engaged in risky sexual be cervical cancer sufferers. However, women who have many male friends to have sex (or her male friend had been having a lot of female friends for sex) higher risk. Women who began having sexual intercourse before age 16 without a safety in the highest risk.

Has developed an effective vaccine against HPV types cause 70-85% of all cervical cancers.

HPV vaccine is for girls and women aged 9-26 years because the vaccine only works if given before infection occurs. However, this vaccine can be given to women remains a rather late start of sexual activity. Prices are expensive vaccines sometimes cause reluctance. However, because this vaccine only covers for certain high-risk HPV types, women have Pap smears regularly, even after vaccination.

Diagnosis

Although the Pap smear test is an effective scanning of this cancer, confirming the diagnosis of cervical cancer or pre-cervical cancer requires a biopsy. This is often done through colposcopy, a visual examination of the cervix with a magnifying tool, assisted acid solution to highlight abnormal cells on the surface of the cervix. This is an outpatient procedure for 15 minutes and not causes pain.

Further diagnostic procedures include LEEP (Loop Electrical Excision Procedure), cone biopsy (cone biopsies), and punch biopsies.

Stadium and Treatment

Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) cervical cancer classifications based on scanning into CIN I to CIN III, with CIN III is the direct precursor to cervical cancer. On top of CIN III, meaning has been transformed into cancer cells, and will be classified from stage 0 (cancer confined to the area of skin) to 4B (a relative had spread far).

An early-stage patients can be treated with conservative surgery for women who want to maintain fertility, whereas other patients are usually advised to remove the entire uterus and cervix (trachelectomy). Generally recommended to wait at least one year prior to seeking pregnancy after surgery. Because of the possibility of cancer spread to lymph nodes (lymph node) in a late-stage cancer, the surgeon may also need to lift from the lymph nodes around the uterus for pathologic evaluation.

This cancer is very rare residual cancer has relapsed again if cleaned with the trachelectomy. However, it is recommended for patients to make prevention and treatment continued, including scanning Pap (Pap smear).

Early stage tumors can be treated with radical hysterectomy (removal of uterus) with removal of lymph nodes. Radiation therapy with or without chemotherapy can be given after surgery to reduce the risk of relapse. Early stage tumors can be treated with large radiation therapy and chemotherapy. Furthermore, hysterectomy can be performed for local cancer control them better.

Advanced tumors (stage 2B to 4B) should be treated with combination chemotherapy and radiation therapy.

Survival

With treatment, survival rates of cervical cancer patients after 5 years was 92% for the earliest stages, 80-90% for stage 1 cancer and 50-65% for stage 2. Only 25-35 percent for women with stage 3, and less than 15 percent of fourth stage cervical cancer patients are alive after five years. Therefore, the scanning / screening and early detection of cervical cancer is very important.

Visit the doctor immediately if you experience the following symptoms:

• Vaginal bleeding
• Back pain
• Pain when urinating or difficult urination and cloudy urine
• Constipation cronies and felt a lump, although defecation
• Ill-being when having sexual intercourse and vaginal discharge
• Swollen feet
• Leaking urine or feces from the vagina

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Source by Hendra Kusuma

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Willpower vs. Motivation

You have to realize that being overweight has nothing to do with your willpower, and has a lot to do with your motivation – and that motivation can be created. You can reprogram your subconscious mind to resolve addictive behavior. Get excited and motivated by your personal reasons for wanting to lose weight and be fit, such as looking better or being healthier or having more energy. These all act as rewards for your subconscious.

Minor changes in your eating habits, such as reducing fat and simple carbohydrates, adding fiber and replacing soft drinks with water can create great results. Obesity is associated with a myriad of factors: socioeconomic status; familial conditions; your network of friends; busy lifestyles that discourage eating balanced meals; the availability of inexpensive, “super sized” high-fat food; your pattern of leisure activities; television time; excessive alcohol intake; eating meals away from home; and finally, genetic factors. Genetic factors affect the way that energy surpluses are stored (either as fat or as lean muscle) and the relative production of fats and carbohydrates used by the body. Race is also a factor in obesity, as higher body weight may be more socially acceptable in some cultures.

There are also regional factors: obesity is higher in areas where high fat diets and sedentary lifestyles are more prevalent. Age is another factor, as excessive body fat is more common among adults and middle aged people. Have you ever thought much about what goes into your body each day, how food is processed, and what organ or system has a physiological or psychological role in this process? I will share that in my next article.

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Source by Zari Alipour

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Have you heard that there are foods and special diets that are specially designed to help you get rid of your belly fat? There is something called the Flat Belly Diet that has been endorsed by the writers at Prevention magazine. The diet is promoted as a way to take as many inches off of your waistline as you want. There are also a variety of diets making the rounds right now that claim they can get rid of your stomach fat without you having to do a single minute of exercise. Are these diets the real deal? Here is what we have found out about belly fat diets:

The best way to get rid of stomach fat is to eat a healthy diet and maintain a regular exercise routine. You will want to work all of your muscle systems, not just your abdominal region. You know that this is true, but isn’t there any truth to the diets that claim to get rid of belly fat?

To understand why these diets aren’t what they claim to be, you need to understand how fat works in your body. Fat cells cannot be lost without surgery. Even people who are in model shape have plenty of fat cells in their bodies. Fat cells are cells that stretch and constrict depending on how much exercise you get and what you eat. The only way to lose a fat cell is to have it surgically removed. What’s more, your body stores fat in different ways–focusing on a single area of your body won’t get rid of that area’s fat It will simply relocate the fat to somewhere else!

The “Belly Fat Diet” promoted by Prevention Magazine is famous because it promotes the ingestion of monosaturated fat Followers of this diet plan are instructed to add some source of monosaturated fat to every meal they eat. Monosaturated fats can be found in, among other things, soybeans, seeds, nuts, olives and dark chocolate. The person who developed the diet claims that monosaturated fat focuses specifically on the fat that is stored in the belly area. The author of the diet encourages exercise, but emphasizes that exercise is not required to make the diet successful.

Recently, MSNBC released an article that promises readers that there are no foods that will actively attack single areas of body fat Belly fat is the same as fat located in other areas of the human body. The article maintains that genetics has more to do with where your body stores fat than anything you could eat.

Here is the simple truth: if you cut your calorie intake and burn more calories than you take in, you will lose weight! To work specifically on the fat that is stored in your belly, you can add some extra abdominal exercises to your regular workout routine. There are no magical belly fat diets that will whisk away the fat cells stored in your belly. To truly lose your stomach fat you need to eat a healthy diet and exercise regularly!

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Source by Terry Edwards

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You have obviously heard about breast cancer, being the most famous type of cancer. Colorectal cancer, is also known as bowel cancer. It is the most common cancer affecting men, as compared to breast cancer affects women most. Like most cancers, early detection is extremely vital. This could mean a difference between a life saved and a life lost.

Colon cancer originates in the tissues of the longest part of the large intestine while rectal cancer is found in the tissues of the rectum. The colon makes up the first six feet of the large intestines. Meanwhile the rectum makes up the last six inches. Cancer begins with a growth, in this case. It is called polyp on the inner side of the colon. This polyp can range from the size of a pinhead to as large as a golf ball. Note that some polyps are benign (not deadly) while others are malignant (deadly and can cause death).

Who are at risk for this cancer? Although it is more prevalent in men statistically, it is imperative to know that everyone is at risk too. Majority of colon cancer sufferers have no known risk factors. Although experts are still uncertain of the exact cause of colon cancer, there are some factors that have been overruled and made official as signs for this colorectal disease. Note that like all cancers, our colon is also susceptible like other parts or organs of our body. We humans are still in the process of advancing towards better medical technologies.

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Source by Alfred Chai Wei Liang

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November is Pet Cancer Awareness Month. Among the most deadly of canine cancers is hemangiosarcoma, or cancer of the blood vessels. Hemangiosarcoma can either present as skin cancer, which can be successfully treated if caught early enough, or as cancer of the internal organs, particularly the spleen or the heart. The prognosis for splenic or cardiac hemangiosarcoma is extremely poor, even with aggressive treatment, as frequently the first sign of any problem is when the tumor ruptures and causes massive internal bleeding. An additional complication arises from the fact that since it is a blood vessel cancer, the cancer cells have usually spread to other areas of the body by the time of diagnosis. As a result, the median survival time for internal tumors post-diagnosis is measured in weeks or months, even with surgery and chemotherapy. Hemangiosarcoma can occur in any breed, but there is an identified pre-disposition in German Shepherd dogs, labrador retrievers and golden retrievers. Within my own circle of pet parent friends, in the past year we have lost a Siberian husky, an Australian shepherd, a golden retriever and my own miniature poodle, Tiny, to hemangiosarcoma.

What are the signs and symptoms to watch for? For skin-based tumors, any unusual growth on the skin should be evaluated by your veterinarian and biopsied if there is any suspicion of cancer. It is a good idea to check your pet’s skin frequently, particularly as he ages, for any abnormal lumps or bumps. Many are benign, but only your veterinarian and a pathologist can identify cancerous skin growths.

For internal organ cancer, the signs can be much more subtle, and sometimes non-existent. In the cardiac form of hemangiosarcoma, you might notice weakness, weight loss, loss of appetite, difficulty breathing or difficulty recovering from any kind of exertion. These can all be signs of simple aging, other heart or lung problems, or tumor growth. Again, a visit to your veterinarian is in order for possible x-rays, ultrasound, CT or other diagnostic scans to determine the cause of the problem. If not diagnosed, the heart tumor will eventually rupture and cause massive internal hemorrhage.

In the splenic form of hemangiosarcoma, unless the tumor is extremely large and can be felt on abdominal exam, the first warning sign might be total collapse when the tumor ruptures. In Tiny’s case, he exhibited greater than usual “old man weakness” one evening at home, and could not stand up. He was seventeen years old at the time, and had a bulging abdomen to begin with due to loss of muscle tone associated with aging. I quickly rushed him to the veterinary emergency clinic (he was never one to have his emergency situations during regular veterinary clinic hours), where the doctor quickly tapped his abdomen and withdrew bloody fluid. She talked with me about her suspicions that a splenic tumor had ruptured, and recommended an ultrasound to confirm her diagnosis. Ultrasound did show a very large spleen as well as some suspicious spots on the liver. We discussed the two options: surgery to remove the spleen and the suspect portions of his liver or euthanasia. Given his age and all of the potential complications, we made the difficult decision to say goodbye.

But, when they brought Tiny into the room for that final procedure, he had miraculously recovered from his collapse, was very excited to see us, and started asking us to play with him. The veterinarian suspected that the internal bleeding had stopped and that he had re-transfused himself. After more discussion of the other alternatives and based on the fact that he seemed to be telling us that he wasn’t ready to go just yet, we brought him home and scheduled a specialist visit early the next morning.

Tiny had a splenectomy and partial liver lobectomy, and came through the surgery with flying colors, especially given his age. We opted for a shortened and low-dose course of chemotherapy, and for the remainder of his life he took several mild medications such as doxycycline and Deramaxx to help keep the cancer at bay. He also received acupuncture and Chinese herbal formulations in addition to Western medicine. In spite of the six months or less that most hemangiosarcoma patients survive, Tiny lived another two and a half years until the cancer spread to his brain and his mouth. When he began to have difficulty eating and started having seizures, it was time to help him cross the “Rainbow Bridge.” His outcome and length of survival with good quality of life was unusually positive, but he was a fighter with a strong will to live.

Survival in hemangiosarcoma is largely a function of how early it is caught and whether it is a surface/skin lesion instead of an internal tumor. Treatment options may be limited, especially if a tumor ruptures, and diagnostics, surgery and chemotherapy can be expensive. You know your dog better than anyone else, and are in the best position to make informed decisions (with the help of your veterinarian) as to the best course of action if this deadly cancer strikes your dog.

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Source by Joy Lee